Postradiation nasopharyngeal necrosis in the patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Head Neck. 2009 Jun;31(6):807-12. doi: 10.1002/hed.21036.

Abstract

Background: Radiation-induced nasopharyngeal necrosis is a consequential late effect in the patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Patients with NPC who have been treated with high-dose radiotherapy are at risk of developing postradiation nasopharyngeal necrosis (PRNN). However, the analysis of PRNN with a significant cohort of patients has not been reported in English-language literature. In this study, we aimed to evaluate PRNN in 28 patients with NPC.

Methods: From June 2006 to December 2007, 28 patients were diagnosed with PRNN with pathologic evidence. Surgical procedure of endoscopy-guided debridement and systemic anti-inflammatory treatments were conducted for the patients. Their clinical features, treatment procedures, and outcomes were analyzed retrospectively.

Results: Clinical symptoms such as foul odor and headache were alleviated in all, 8 patients were cured of their PRNN, 9 patients with exposed internal carotid artery died of sudden nasopharyngeal massive bleeding, and 3 patients died of exhaustion (cachexia).

Conclusion: PRNN is an important consequential late effect of radiotherapy in the patients with NPC. Internal carotid artery erosion is a severe situation and acts as an independent prognostic factor for the patients. Diagnosis of PRNN could be made after ruling out the persistent-recurrent NPC proven by pathologic examination. Surgery is effective for improving the quality of life and for curing PRNN.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Analysis of Variance
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / mortality
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / pathology
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / radiotherapy*
  • Cohort Studies
  • Debridement / methods
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Laryngoscopy / methods
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms / mortality
  • Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms / pathology
  • Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms / radiotherapy*
  • Nasopharynx / pathology*
  • Nasopharynx / radiation effects
  • Necrosis / pathology
  • Necrosis / surgery
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Probability
  • Proportional Hazards Models
  • Radiation Injuries / pathology*
  • Radiation Injuries / surgery
  • Radiotherapy Dosage
  • Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted / methods
  • Risk Assessment
  • Survival Analysis
  • Treatment Outcome