Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
Special SectionCase Study: Acute Basal Ganglia Enlargement and Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms in an Adolescent Boy
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Treatment of PANDAS and PANS: a systematic review
2018, Neuroscience and Biobehavioral ReviewsCitation Excerpt :One case was treated with combination of TPE and rituximab, following treatment with both corticosteroids with mycophenolate mofetil and IVIG, resulting in symptom remission (Frankovich et al., 2015). Results described in 2 other case reports were modest (Giedd et al., 1996; Sadhasivam and Litman, 2006). Two patients with PITAND who underwent TPE also had improvement in symptoms (Allen et al., 1995).
Differential binding of antibodies in PANDAS patients to cholinergic interneurons in the striatum
2018, Brain, Behavior, and ImmunityCitation Excerpt :Giedd and colleagues (Giedd et al., 1996, 2000) found enlarged striatal volume in patients with PANDAS, similar to that seen in those with acute Sydenham’s chorea. Striatal abnormalities have been reported to resolve in conjunction with symptoms, either after plasmapheresis (Giedd et al., 1996) or spontaneously (Elia et al., 2005). More recently, inflammation of the striatum has been reported in PANDAS and Tourette syndrome patients, as measured by positron emission tomography using a marker of microglial activation (Kumar et al., 2015).
Disorders of Brain Development: Understanding Childhood Psychopathology
2016, Positive Mental Health, Fighting Stigma and Promoting Resiliency for Children and AdolescentsPost-infectious autoimmune disorders: Sydenham's chorea, PANDAS and beyond
2015, Brain ResearchCitation Excerpt :One year post-treatment, the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Severity (YBOCS) scale ratings remained below baseline for the treatment groups. Two additional case reports of TPA in children with PANDAS demonstrated acute OCD symptom reduction, with subsequent reductions in basal ganglia volumes assessed through pre and post-treatment MRI (Elia et al., 2005; Giedd, 1996). While these results are preliminary, an open-label trial of TPA in patients with childhood-onset (i.e. non-PANDAS) OCD (Nicolson et al., 2000) and a placebo-controlled trial of IVIG in tics (Hoekstra et al., 2004) demonstrated no improvement.
Pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome
2014, Psychiatric Clinics of North America