Table 2

Reported cases of HLH related to SARS/CoV-2 vaccine to the VAERS database

Case*	Age (years)	Sex	SARS/CoV-2 Vaccine	Vaccine #	Symptom onset from vaccine (days)	Symptoms	HLH criteria	Days Hospitalised	Death	Other diagnosis considered	Reference
1	80	M	Moderna	2	1	Fever, haematoma, weakness	Bicytopaenia, ferritin, fever, haemophagocytosis, IL-2R	15	No		15
2	30	M	Moderna	1	30	Abdominal pain, fever, shortness of breath	Ferritin, fever, haemophagocytosis, hypertriglyceridaemia	7	No		15
3	59	F	Pfizer	2	1	Weakness, shortness of breath	Haemophagocytosis	7	Yes		15
4	57	F	Moderna	1	42	Altered mental status, weakness	Haemophagocytosis	7	No		15
5	77	M	Moderna	2	13	Headache	Ferritin, haemophagocytosis, hypertriglyceridaemia	Unknown	No		15
6	67	M	Pfizer	1	9	Dizziness, fever, shortness of breath	Fever, haemophagocytosis	12	No		15
7	74	F	Moderna	2	17	Fever, weakness	Haemophagocytosis, hypofibrinongenaemia	8	No		15
8	40	F	Pfizer	1	16	Abdominal pain, diarrhoea, dizziness, jaundice, shortness of breath	Unknown	Unknown	No		15
9	30	M	Pfizer	2	41	Fever	Fever, haemophagocytosis	8	No		15
10	62	M	Moderna	2	4	Fever, shortness of breath	Ferritin, haemophagocytosis	8	No		15
11	65	M	Moderna	Unknown	4	Fatigue	Ferritin, sIL2r	9	No		15
12	46	M	Moderna	1	5	Altered mental status, fatigue, shortness of breath	Haemophagocytosis	30	No		15
13	56	M	Janssen	Unknown	0	Fever	Fever, haemophagocytosis	34	No		15
14	23	F	Moderna	2	8	Fever, rash	Haemophagocytosis	22	No	Macrophage activation syndrome	15
15	62	M	Pfizer	2	38	Swollen lymph nodes	Ferritin, haemophagocytosis, splenomegaly	12	No		15
16	16	M	Pfizer	2	1	Dizziness, fever, weight loss	Bicytopaenia, ferritin, fever, haemophagocytosis, hypertriglyceridaemia	16	No		15
17	15	F	Pfizer	1	7	Abdominal pain, altered mental status, diarrhoea, fever	Ferritin, fever	5	No	Lamitcal-induced HLH	15
18	22	F	Moderna	2	0	Arthralgias, fever	Fever	16	No	Macrophage activation syndrome	15
19	16	F	Pfizer	1	21	Chest pain	Haemophagocytosis	32	Yes		15
20	20	M	Pfizer	2	34	Diarrhoea, fever	Bicytopaenia, fever, haemophagocytosis	21	No		15
21	45	F	Pfizer	1	19	Fever, rash, weakness	Fever, haemophagocytosis	20	No	Macrophage activation syndrome	15
22	Unknown	F	Pfizer	2	14	Altered mental status	Haemophagocytosis	61	Yes		15
23	60	M	Pfizer	2	6	Altered mental status, fever	Bicytopaenia, ferritin, fever, haemophagocytosis, sIL2r, splenomegaly	69	No		15
24	Unknown	F	Pfizer	1	Unknown	Unknown	Unknown	Unknown	No	EBV infection	15
25	64	F	Pfizer	1	47	Fevers, decreased appetite, lymphadenopathy, weakness, weight loss	Fever	20	No	Lymphoma	15
26	Unknown	Unknown	Moderna	1	Unknown	Unknown	Unknown	Unknown	No		15
27	58	F	Moderna	2	29	Fatigue, fever	Bicytopaenia, fever, haemophagocytosis	Unknown	No		15
28	15	M	Pfizer	2	2	Fever	Bicytopaenia, ferritin, fever, sIL2r	Unknown	No		15
29	31	F	Pfizer	2	61	Blurry vision, chest pain, fever, headache, myalgias, rash, shortness of breath, weakness	Bicytopaenia, ferritin, fever, haemophagocytosis, hypertriglyceridaemia, sIL2r	93	No		15
30	26	M	Pfizer	1	17	Shortness of breath	Unknown	8	Yes	HSV pneumonia	15
31	43	M	Pfizer	1	1	Rash	Ferritin	Unknown	No	Macrophage activation syndrome	15
32	90	F	Pfizer	Unknown	21	Altered mental status, weakness	Ferritin, haemophagocytosis	Unknown	No	Macrophage activation syndrome	15
33	98	M	Pfizer	2	2	Unknown	Bicytopaenia, haemophagocytosis	Unknown	No	Macrophage activation syndrome	15
34	82	M	Pfizer	2	6	Arthralgias, fever, myalgia, weakness	Bicytopaenia, ferritin, fever, haemophagocytosis, hypertriglyceridaemia	Unknown	No		15
35	60	F	Pfizer	1	5	Unknown	Haemophagocytosis	Unknown	No		15
36	76	M	Pfizer	2	0	Weakness	Fever	10	Yes	Macrophage activation syndrome	15
37	80	F	Pfizer	1	10	Stroke	Unknown	Unknown	Yes		15
38	22	M	Pfizer	2	1	Fever, swollen lymph nodes, weakness	Fever, ferritin haemophagocytosis	5	No		15
39	80	M	Moderna	1	21	Unknown	Ferritin	Unknown	No	Macrophage activation syndrome	15
40	50	F	Pfizer	2	35	Fever, headache, swollen lymph nodes	Fever, ferritin	50	No	Macrophage activation syndrome	15
41	Unknown	M	Pfizer	1	3	Diarrhoea, fatigue, fever, myalgias	Ferritin, fever, hypertriglyceridaemia	14	No	Macrophage activation syndrome	15
42	72	F	Moderna	1	8	Fever	Fever	N/A	No		15
43	69	F	Pfizer	1	9	Fever	Fever	10	No		15
44	Unknown	M	Pfizer	2	Unknown	Shortness of breath	Unknown	Unknown	No		15
45	82	F	Pfizer	2	1	Fever, malaise	Fever	Unknown	No	Relapsed lymphoma	15
46	53	F	Pfizer	1	3	Fever, night sweats, polydipsia, shortness of breath, weight loss	Fever, ferritin	Unknown	No		15
47	86	F	Pfizer	1	12	Fever	Fever, bicytopaenia	Unknown	No		15
48	54	F	Janssen	Unknown	8	Unknown	Unknown	Unknown	No	Macrophage activation syndrome	15
49	36	M	Pfizer	1	28	Unknown	Ferritin, haemophagocytosis, hpertriglyceridaemia, sIL2r	Unknown	No	Macrophage activation syndrome	15
50	76	F	Pfizer	2	2	Fever	Fever, haemophagocytosis	Unknown	Yes		15

Data collected from National Vaccine Information Centre’s Vaccine Adverse Events Reporting System (https://www.medalerts.org/vaersdb).15
*Refer to online supplemental table S1 for VAERS case identification number.
EBV, Epstein-Barr Virus; HLH, haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis ; HSV, herpes simplex virus ; VAERS, vaccine adverse event reporting system.