PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Joel Grunhut
AU  - Ricardo Oroz
AU  - Shimron Brown
AU  - Roozbeh Nazarian-Rostami
TI  - Renal malakoplakia with invasion of the liver and diaphragm: a patient case and literature review
AID  - 10.1136/bcr-2022-251254
DP  - 2022 Sep 01
TA  - BMJ Case Reports
PG  - e251254
VI  - 15
IP  - 9
4099  - http://casereports.bmj.com/content/15/9/e251254.short
4100  - http://casereports.bmj.com/content/15/9/e251254.full
SO  - BMJ Case Reports2022 Sep 01; 15
AB  - Renal malakoplakia, a seldom seen chronic inflammatory condition, continues to elude medical, surgical, radiological and pathological specialists due to its mimicry of other renal pathologies and low incidence. The variable clinical manifestations and non-specific radiological findings of malakoplakia can be misleading, and ultimately require a pathological diagnosis. A literature review reveals an extremely low prevalence of renal malakoplakia, a handful of invasive renal malakoplakia cases and no reports of liver and diaphragmatic invasion. We present a case of a renal mass with liver and diaphragmatic invasion in a 59-year-old woman that deceived clinicians and radiologists until a pathological diagnosis of renal malakoplakia was performed. This case highlights the need of awareness for malakoplakia in the differential diagnosis for renal invasive and non-invasive masses. The need to await a surgical biopsy and pathological diagnosis is critical to ensure a correct diagnosis and avoid unnecessary surgery of the kidney.