RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 HIV vasculopathy versus VZV vasculitis in an HIV patient with multiple brain ischaemic infarcts JF BMJ Case Reports JO BMJ Case Reports FD BMJ Publishing Group Ltd SP e229412 DO 10.1136/bcr-2019-229412 VO 12 IS 7 A1 Manuel F Granja A1 Andre Monteiro A1 Jason Day A1 Ricardo Hanel YR 2019 UL http://casereports.bmj.com/content/12/7/e229412.abstract AB We report the case of a 56-year-old man who presented to the emergency department with a 3-day onset of left limb weakness and feeling intoxicated with poor balance. Stroke hospitalisations in the USA decreased from 2000 to 2010, however the number of hospitalised patients with ischaemic stroke and HIV infection has increased significantly. Herein, we discuss the management of this unique case to highlight the importance of a broad differential diagnosis when approaching HIV/AIDS patients presenting with acute or subacute neurological focalisation. Given that HIV vasculopathy is a diagnosis of exclusion, it requires a thoughtful elimination of all possible aetiologies.