RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Cutaneous nocardiosis by a new pathogenic species: Nocardia grenadensis JF BMJ Case Reports FD BMJ Publishing Group Ltd SP bcr-2018-225441 DO 10.1136/bcr-2018-225441 VO 2018 A1 Rui Pedro Santos A1 Juliana Almeida A1 Filipa Tavares Almeida A1 Maria da Luz Duarte YR 2018 UL http://casereports.bmj.com/content/2018/bcr-2018-225441.abstract AB Nocardiosis is a rare, predominantly opportunistic, suppurative disease caused by bacteria of the order Actinomycetales. There are currently more than 100 species of Nocardia described, less than half are pathogenic to humans. Cutaneous nocardiosis can be caused by direct inoculation from a contaminated material or by secondary dissemination. The authors present a 70-year-old man with an autoimmune haemolytic anaemia treated with prednisolone and azathioprine. The patient presented multiple erythematous tender nodules with linear distribution and proximal progression along the left upper limb with 2 months of evolution. The skin biopsy revealed non-specific inflammation with areas of abscess. Culture was positive for bacteria of the genus Nocardia, and molecular techniques revealed Nocardia grenadensis. The patient was treated with minocycline with good response, but the disease recurred. N. grenadensis was first identified in 2012 in a bioprospecting process. The authors now describe the first case of cutaneous nocardiosis caused by N. grenadensis.