Summary

A 43-year-old multiparous woman with a history of pelvic endometriosis and myocardial infarction presented with acute onset of right hemithorax pain and dyspnoea coinciding with dysmenorrhoeic menstruation. A chest CT confirmed the presence of a right hydropneumothorax which was drained. A video-assisted thoracoscopy was unremarkable but at a subsequent menses, an MRI chest demonstrated a lesion in the right costophrenic angle. The patient underwent a hysterectomy and oophorectomy for treatment of endometriosis. Six months later, she was free of thoracic symptoms and a repeat MRI scan showed resolution of the right pleural abnormality.