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Case Reports: Rare disease
Near fatal case of Lucio leprosy with Lucio phenomenon with pleomorphic features and its successful management from a non-endemic area
  1. Samuel Jeyaraj Daniel,
  2. Manipriya Rajan,
  3. Merin Vasantha Ruba and
  4. Ramesh Aravamuthan
  1. Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Madras Medical College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
  1. Correspondence to Dr Merin Vasantha Ruba, Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Madras Medical College, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India; rubamerin{at}gmail.com

Abstract

Lucio leprosy is a diffuse non-nodular form of lepromatous leprosy. Lucio phenomenon is a type of reactional state which occurs in untreated cases due to the bacillary invasion of endothelial cells. We hereby describe a histopathologically confirmed case of Lucio leprosy with Lucio phenomenon. The patient presented with pleomorphic clinical features and started taking antileprosy treatment and systemic steroids. After few days of admission, she developed deep ulcers exposing the fascia. She also developed cardiogenic shock secondary to septicaemia. She was managed with inotropes and broad-spectrum antibiotics. The patient was given appropriate wound care and the ulcers healed within a period of 3 months and antileprosy drugs were continued. Our patient is a de novo case of Lucio leprosy with Lucio phenomenon and pleomorphic clinical features who developed near fatal septic shock. She was managed successfully. Despite the extensive disease manifestation, all the wounds healed completely.

  • Infections
  • Skin

https://doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2023-255477

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    Footnotes

    • Contributors The following authors were responsible for drafting of the text, sourcing and editing of clinical images, investigation of the results, drawing original diagrams and algorithms, and critical revision for important intellectual content: All the four authors were involved in clinical diagnosis and management of the patient. AR and MR were responsible for the histopathological diagnosis. SJD and MR led the literature search, manuscript preparation and editing along with MVR. SJD and MR critically evaluated the manuscript. All the four authors approved the final submitted version of manuscript.The following authors gave final approval of the manuscript: SJD, MR, MVR, AR.

    • Funding The authors have not declared a specific grant for this research from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors.

    • Case reports provide a valuable learning resource for the scientific community and can indicate areas of interest for future research. They should not be used in isolation to guide treatment choices or public health policy.

    • Competing interests None declared.

    • Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.