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Case Reports: Rare disease
Intravascular leiomyomatosis with extension to the inferior vena cava
  1. Jayna-Lee Garratt1,
  2. Silipa Naiqiso1,
  3. Joe Hockley2,3 and
  4. Ganendra Raj Kader Ali Mohan1,4
  1. 1King Edward Memorial Hospital for Women, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia
  2. 2Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
  3. 3Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
  4. 4School of Medicine, University of Notre Dame, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
  1. Correspondence to Jayna-Lee Garratt; jlgarratt{at}bigpond.com

Abstract

Intravascular leiomyomatosis (IVL) is a rare benign smooth muscle neoplasm growing within the pelvic venous system, often with caval and intracardiac extension. It frequently coexists with uterine leiomyomas or occurs in women with a history of myomectomy or hysterectomy. IVL is often asymptomatic until intracardiac extension occurs, and carries a risk of sudden death, necessitating timely diagnosis and management. We present a case of IVL diagnosed on hysterectomy specimen with extension to the inferior vena cava found on follow-up imaging. The patient underwent complete resection with multidisciplinary involvement of Gynaecological Oncology and Vascular Surgery and remains disease free following 12 months of follow-up.

  • Gynecological cancer
  • Vascular surgery
  • Ultrasonography
  • Radiology

https://doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2022-253436

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    Footnotes

    • Contributors The following authors were responsible for drafting of the text, sourcing and editing of clinical images, investigation results, drawing original diagrams and algorithms and critical revision for important intellectual content: Dr J-LG, Dr SN, Mr JH, Dr GRKAM. The following authors gave final approval of the manuscript: Dr J-LG, Dr SN, Mr JH, Dr GRKAM. Revisions made by Dr J-LG as requested.

    • Funding The authors have not declared a specific grant for this research from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors.

    • Case reports provide a valuable learning resource for the scientific community and can indicate areas of interest for future research. They should not be used in isolation to guide treatment choices or public health policy.

    • Competing interests None declared.

    • Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.