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Case Reports: Unusual association of diseases/symptoms
Antiglutamate acid decarboxylase seropositive brain stem encephalitis
  1. Faye AlAbdulghafoor1,
  2. Raed Behbehani2,
  3. Abbas Johar3 and
  4. Raed Alroughani4
  1. 1Neurology, King's College London, London, UK
  2. 2Ophthalmology, Ibn-Sina Hospital, Kuwait, Kuwait
  3. 3Ministry of Health Kuwait, Kuwait City, Kuwait
  4. 4Amiri Hospital, Kuwait City, Kuwait
  1. Correspondence to Dr Faye AlAbdulghafoor; f_abdulghafour{at}icloud.com

Abstract

This is a case of a previously healthy female in her fourties presenting with a subacute presentation of bilateral horizontal gaze restriction, with bilateral lower motor facial palsy. The patient’s daughter has type 1 diabetes. On investigation, the patient’s MRI revealed a lesion in the dorsal medial pons. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed albuminocytological dissociation, with a negative autoimmune panel. The patient was treated with intravenous immunoglobulin, and methylprednisolone for a total of 5 days and showed mild improvement. The patient had raised serum antiglutamic acid decarboxylase (anti-GAD) levels, and the final diagnosis of GAD seropositive brain stem encephalitis was made.

  • neurology
  • neuroopthalmology

https://doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2022-254026

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    Footnotes

    • Twitter @AbbasJohar

    • Contributors FA was responsible for writing up the case and research on the topic. AJ was responsible for planning the report. RA and RB were responsible for reviewing the paper.

    • Funding The authors have not declared a specific grant for this research from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors.

    • Case reports provide a valuable learning resource for the scientific community and can indicate areas of interest for future research. They should not be used in isolation to guide treatment choices or public health policy.

    • Competing interests None declared.

    • Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.