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Paediatrics
Patient with concurrent anti-NMDAR autoimmune encephalitis and immature teratoma of the ovary
  1. Zhang Kai-Jing1,
  2. Lv Xiao-juan2 and
  3. Huang Xiao-Hui3
  1. 1Hematology, Hangzhou Children's Hospital, Hang-zhou, Zhe-jiang, China
  2. 2Department of Children's Hematology, Hangzhou Children's Hospital, Hang-zhou, Zhe-jiang, China
  3. 3Pediatric Internal Medicine, Hangzhou Children's Hospital, Hang-zhou, Zhe-jiang, China
  1. Correspondence to Zhang Kai-Jing; zkj893918642{at}163.com

Abstract

In young women with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) autoimmune encephalitis (AE), co-occurrence with ovarian teratoma is common. While the management of mature teratoma with AE is well documented, literature on managing immature teratoma (IT) in tandem with AE is relatively scarce. Here, we report a case of a female patient in her early adolescence who presented with abdominal pain and was diagnosed with grade 3 IT combined with anti-NMDAR AE after an ovarian tumour was discovered and resected. Postsurgery, the patient received immunotherapy, chemotherapy and antiepileptic therapy, and two follow-up evaluations showed no signs of recurrence or sequelae. This case highlights the importance of a high index of suspicion for concurrent AE in the presence of ovarian teratoma, particularly IT, and the crucial role of concurrent administration of immunotherapy and chemotherapy following tumour resection in impacting prognosis.

  • Paediatrics (drugs and medicines)
  • Paediatric oncology
  • Epilepsy and seizures

http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2023-256807

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    Footnotes

    • Contributors The following authors were responsible for drafting of the text, sourcing and editing of clinical images, investigation results, drawing original diagrams and algorithms, and critical revision for important intellectual content: ZK-J, LX-J and HX-H.The following authors gave final approval of the manuscript: ZK-J, LX-J and HX-H.

    • Funding The authors have not declared a specific grant for this research from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors.

    • Case reports provide a valuable learning resource for the scientific community and can indicate areas of interest for future research. They should not be used in isolation to guide treatment choices or public health policy.

    • Competing interests None declared.

    • Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.