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Case Reports: Reminder of important clinical lesson
Case of iatrogenic neonatal acute kidney injury requiring dialysis and review of literature
  1. Purbasha Mishra,
  2. Shrutiprajna Kar,
  3. Tapas Kumar Som and
  4. Usha Devi
  1. Department of Neonatology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
  1. Correspondence to Dr Usha Devi; dr.ushaa{at}gmail.com

Abstract

A full-term male baby was administered furosemide and enalapril for treatment of cardiac failure secondary to a ventricular septal defect. He also received piperacillin-tazobactam and amikacin for 7 days for suspected early-onset neonatal sepsis. He developed anuria and raised creatinine and was referred with acute kidney injury (AKI)—neonatal KDIGO (Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes) stage 3 on day 20. Urine output and renal parameters improved after discontinuing drugs and peritoneal dialysis. This case report highlights the importance of serial monitoring of kidney function tests while using nephrotoxic drugs and ensuring correct dosage and titration. In the early stages, AKI can be treated with conservative therapy but once established, renal replacement therapy might be required. It can also lead to chronic kidney disease.

  • Contraindications and precautions
  • Neonatal intensive care

http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2022-251369

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    Footnotes

    • Contributors All authors managed the patient. PM and SK reviewed the literature and drafted the initial version of the manuscript. UD and TKS contributed to literature review and critically revised the manuscript. All the authors contributed to drafting of the manuscript and approved the final version of the manuscript.

    • Funding The authors have not declared a specific grant for this research from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors.

    • Case reports provide a valuable learning resource for the scientific community and can indicate areas of interest for future research. They should not be used in isolation to guide treatment choices or public health policy.

    • Competing interests None declared.

    • Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.