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Mediterranean spotted fever associated with leucocytoclastic vasculitis and acute pancraeatitis
  1. Ami Schattner1,2 and
  2. Ina Dubin2
  1. 1The Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University Hadassah, Jerusalem, Israel
  2. 2Laniado Hospital, Sanz Medical Centre, Netanya, Israel
  1. Correspondence to Professor Ami Schattner; amischatt{at}gmail.com

Abstract

A young healthy gardener became febrile with abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea followed by palpable purpura, mostly on the legs and buttocks with associated arthralgia. Dehydration, azotemia and hyponatraemia resolved with fluid replacement. Tests demonstrated acute pancreatitis, hepatitis, thrombocytopenia, microscopic haematuria and proteinuria. He improved with doxycycline, but bipedal pitting oedema and punctate rash involving the soles/hands appeared. Microbiological tests revealed positive IgM and IgG serology for rickettsiae spotted fever. Skin biopsy of the purpura confirmed leucocytoclastic vasculitis, positive for Rickettsiae conorii by PCR amplification. Palpable purpura is a rare important manifestation of Mediterranean spotted fever (MSF), due to either secondary leucocytoclastic vasculitis or associated Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP), which best explains the distribution of the rash, arthralgia, gastrointestinal symptoms, and microhaematuria not usually seen in R. conorii infections. Likewise, the patient’s acute pancreatitis may be interpreted as a rare presentation of HSP or a seldom-encountered feature of MSF.

  • infection (gastroenterology)
  • pancreatitis
  • general practice / family medicine
  • infectious diseases
  • vasculitis

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Footnotes

  • Contributors AS prepared the manuscript and ID participated. Both authors have treated the patient.

  • Funding The authors have not declared a specific grant for this research from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors.

  • Competing interests None declared.

  • Patient consent for publication Obtained.

  • Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.