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  • Primary renal lymphoma: a comprehensive review of the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, imaging features, management and prognosis

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Rare disease
Case report
Primary renal lymphoma: a comprehensive review of the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, imaging features, management and prognosis
  1. Syed Rizwan A Bokhari1,
  2. Faisal Inayat2,
  3. Maria R Bokhari2 and
  4. Abeera Mansoor3
  1. 1Bassett Medical Center, Cooperstown, New York, USA
  2. 2Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan
  3. 3Doctors Hospital and Medical Center, Lahore, Pakistan
  1. Correspondence to Dr Faisal Inayat; faisalinayat{at}hotmail.com

Abstract

Primary renal lymphoma (PRL) is defined as a non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma restricted to kidneys with the absence of extensive nodal disease. It is an exceedingly rare clinicopathological entity, accounting for 0.7% of extranodal lymphomas. Published medical literature regarding the natural history and clinical outcomes of PRL remains limited. We describe a case of a young patient who presented with left shoulder pain, continuous fever, and unexplained weight loss as atypical initial manifestations of bilateral PRL, confirmed with the standard set of investigations. Furthermore, this article reviews the literature and discusses various aspects of PRL, including pathophysiology, presentation patterns, imaging and pathological characteristics, management, and prognosis. This paper serves to provide an update and aims to enhance the understanding of PRL. Timely diagnosis and treatment are imperative to achieve improved outcomes. Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion in order to prevent morbidity and mortality associated with this serious disease.

  • oncology
  • urological cancer
  • renal medicine

https://doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2020-235076

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    Footnotes

    • Presented at This paper was presented as an abstract at the American Society of Nephrology, Kidney Week, November 15-20, 2016, in Chicago, IL, USA.

    • Contributors SRAB: performed the literature review, drafted and reviewed the manuscript. FI: designed the study, performed the literature review, drafted and formatted the manuscript, revised the manuscript critically for important intellectual content. MRB: reviewed the literature, drafted the manuscript and contributed to the case presentation. AM: suggested pertinent modifications and gave the final approval for the version published.

    • Funding The authors have not declared a specific grant for this research from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors.

    • Competing interests None declared.

    • Patient consent for publication Obtained.

    • Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.