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  • A case of leptospirosis with acute respiratory failure and acute kidney injury treated with simultaneous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and haemoperfusion

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CASE REPORT
A case of leptospirosis with acute respiratory failure and acute kidney injury treated with simultaneous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and haemoperfusion
  1. Joselito R Chavez1,2,
  2. Romina A Danguilan3,
  3. Melhatra I Arakama3,
  4. Joann Kathleen Ginete Garcia1,
  5. Rizza So3 and
  6. Eric Chua3
  1. 1 Department of Internal Medicine, National Kidney and Transplant Institute, Quezon City, Metro Manila, Philippines
  2. 2 Section of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines, Manila, Metro Manila, Philippines
  3. 3 Department of Adult Nephrology, National Kidney and Transplant Institute, Quezon City, Metro Manila, Philippines
  1. Correspondence to Dr Joselito R Chavez, chavezjrmd{at}yahoo.com

Abstract

A 47-year-old man with a recent history of wading in floodwaters presented with a 1-week history of cough, myalgia, conjunctival suffusion and decreasing urine output. The patient had uraemia, hypotension, leukocytosis, thrombocytopenia, elevated liver enzymes and oliguria. His condition quickly worsened with haemoptysis, and respiratory distress which subsequently required intubation and mechanical ventilation. Continuous renal replacement therapy was started together with haemoperfusion (HP). The patient initially required norepinephrine and this was discontinued after the first session of HP. He was referred for veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) due to severe hypoxia and pulmonary haemorrhage. Oxygenation and lung compliance improved, and serum creatinine levels continued to normalise with improved urine output. He was placed off ECMO, extubated and eventually discharged. Patient was diagnosed with severe leptospirosis, acute respiratory failure and acute kidney injury successfully treated with simultaneous ECMO and HP. Blood samples were positive for Leptospira spp. DNA via PCR assay.

  • renal system
  • respiratory system
  • healthcare improvement and patient safety
  • tropical medicine (infectious disease)
  • mechanical ventilation

https://doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2019-229582

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    Footnotes

    • Contributors JRC was responsible for the preparation of the paper and gave the final approval. RAD was responsible for the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data and revised it critically for important intellectual content. MIA cleaned the data and revised the paper. JKGG collected data for the pulmonary part. RS-R collected the initial data and drafted the paper. EC designed data collection tools. All authors agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.

    • Funding The authors have not declared a specific grant for this research from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors.

    • Competing interests None declared.

    • Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.

    • Patient consent for publication Obtained.