Abstract

A 70-year-old man presented with acute wrist pain concerning for septic arthritis. Shortly thereafter, he developed acute monocular vision loss and was diagnosed with endogenous endophthalmitis. Subsequent imaging revealed numerous visceral abscesses and a mycotic abdominal aortic aneurysm. Cultures, in conjunction with the clinical syndrome, were strongly suggestive of hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae syndrome (hvKP). hvKP syndrome may present with multiple sites of infection or subsequent metastatic spread may develop; the liver, lungs, central nervous system and eye are most commonly involved. Prompt source control and intravenous antibiotic therapy leads to a cure in the majority of patients. This case highlights the risk factors, presentation, management and prognosis of this disease as well as its increasing incidence in North America and Europe.