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  • Rare presentation of anti-GAD-65 antibody-positive autoimmune encephalitis and simultaneous onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus in a paediatric patient

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Case report
Rare presentation of anti-GAD-65 antibody-positive autoimmune encephalitis and simultaneous onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus in a paediatric patient
  1. Kristina Kern1 and
  2. Brooke A Shuster2
  1. 1Pediatrics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
  2. 2Pediatrics, Inova Fairfax Hospital/Inova Children's Hospital Health Sciences Library, Falls Church, VA, USA
  1. Correspondence to Dr Kristina Kern; maria.k.kern{at}medstar.net

Abstract

A 16-year-old female patient presented with subacute onset of headaches, changes in acute mental status, expressive aphasia and auditory hallucinations. New oedema and enhancement of the temporal lobe were seen on brain MRI, with correlating subclinical seizures seen on electroencephalogram. Simultaneously, our patient was diagnosed with new-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus, with positive anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (anti-GAD-65) antibodies in the serum. Cerebrospinal fluid studies remained negative, including anti-GAD-65 antibodies. Clinical remission was achieved with corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulins.

  • diabetes
  • neurology
  • paediatrics
  • neuroendocrinology

https://doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2020-237913

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    Footnotes

    • Contributors KK and BS conceived the presented idea. KK performed the literature search and wrote the article. BS is the guarantor, the contributor who accepts full responsibility for the finished article, had access to any data and controlled the decision to publish. Both authors identified and managed the case.

    • Funding The authors have not declared a specific grant for this research from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors.

    • Competing interests None declared.

    • Patient consent for publication Obtained.

    • Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.