High-output heart failure in a newborn

BMJ Case Rep. 2012 Jul 10:2012:bcr2012006289. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2012-006289.

Abstract

High-output cardiac failure is rare in newborns. Emergent diagnosis and management of this pathology is crucial. We report the case of a child, currently 12-months old; obstetric background is non-contributory. Clinic observation on D1 was normal except for the presence of a systolic cardiac murmur; cardiological evaluation revealed mild ventricular dysfunction of the right ventricle. On the third day of life, she developed cardiac failure with gallop rhythm, hepatomegaly and a murmur in the anterior fontanel; an echocardiogram confirmed clinic aggravation with biventricular dysfunction and right cavities and superior vena cava dilatation. The cranial MRI confirmed the presence of a pial arteriovenous malformation (AVM) involving the anterior and middle cerebral arteries with an associated fronto-parietal ischaemic lesion. The infant underwent embolisations of AVM with successful flow reduction and cardiac failure improvement. The multidisciplinary follow-up showed no cardiac dysfunction or permanent lesions but confirmed a severe psycho-motor delay and left hemiparesia.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Cardiac Output / physiology*
  • Diagnosis, Differential
  • Echocardiography
  • Female
  • Heart Failure / diagnosis
  • Heart Failure / physiopathology*
  • Humans
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Radiography, Thoracic