Myocysticercosis: Experience with imaging and therapy1☆,
Section snippets
Patients and methods
A retrospective chart analysis was performed on 26 consecutive patients with myocysticercosis. Myocysticercosis was diagnosed when (1) the patient presented with one or more of the following clinical features: proptosis, restriction of ocular motility, acquired ptosis, or signs and symptoms of orbital inflammation and (2) CT scan or USG or both revealed a cystic lesion with or without scolex within or attached to an extraocular muscle. Visible scolex within the cyst was taken as diagnostic of
Results
Twenty-six consecutive patients with myocysticercosis were evaluated. The age of the patients ranged from 6 to 32 years with a mean of 14.8 years. There were 10 male and 16 female patients. All the 26 patients had a cyst associated with a single extraocular muscle. Inferior rectus was most commonly involved (8 of 26, 31%), followed by superior rectus (6 of 26, 23%), levator palpebrae superioris (4 of 26, 15%), medial rectus (3 of 26, 11%), lateral rectus (2 of 26, 8%), superior oblique (2 of
Discussion
Orbital cysticercosis in this series presented with variable clinical features including inflammatory proptosis, restricted ocular motility, and ptosis. Identification of the scolex within the cyst on imaging is diagnostic of cysticercosis.1, 2 There are a number of other causes of cystic lesions within the extraocular muscles.1 In earlier publications, we have presented the possibility of these cystic lesions without a scolex being idiopathic orbital myositis.1, 2 Natural history of the
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Cited by (48)
Cysticercosis in ophthalmology
2022, Survey of OphthalmologyCitation Excerpt :It was noted that the scolex disappeared at 2–3 weeks, and the cyst started shrinking and it collapsed signific around 4–8 weeks after the initiation of treatment.171 Thereafter, the normal thickness muscle was seen on imaging .161 Similarly, Ganesh and coworkers reported favorable results with medical treatment in more than 90% patients of extraocular cysticercosis by 2 months.47
Neurocysticercosis. A frequent cause of seizures, epilepsy, and other neurological morbidity in most of the world
2021, Journal of the Neurological SciencesCitation Excerpt :Ag-ELISA is less sensitive than the LLGP-EITB, but its advantages relate to demonstrating live parasite infections (test results are negative in cases with resolved cysticercosis) and its rapid decay after effective treatment, allowing its use to monitor therapy results. While serology has a complementary role in NCC, a positive antibody or antigen test without diagnostic imaging should not be interpreted as NCC as myocysticercosis or ocular cysticercosis could be positive without NCC [52,53]. So far, PCR tests for NCC are restricted to exploratory reports in CSF of extraparenchymal NCC without convincing data on their performance for intraparenchymal NCC where most diagnostic doubts arise [54–57].
Myositis, Pyomyositis, and Necrotizing Fasciitis
2018, Principles and Practice of Pediatric Infectious DiseasesOcular parasitoses: A comprehensive review
2017, Survey of OphthalmologyRetroorbital optic nerve cysticercosis
2016, American Journal of Emergency MedicineIntraorbital Cystic Lesions: An Imaging Spectrum
2015, Current Problems in Diagnostic RadiologyCitation Excerpt :The cysts are most commonly seen in the subcutaneous tissues, muscles, brain, and eyes. Extraocular muscles are the most commonly affected site in the orbit26; the eyelid, retro-orbital space, and lacrimal gland are other locations where the parasite may lodge.27 Subretinal space is the most common location within the globe; the vitreous body and even optic nerve may be affected once it enters the choroidal circulation.28
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Supported by Hyderabad Eye Research Foundation, Hyderabad, India.
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The authors do not have any commercial interest in any of the materials and methods used in this study.