Article Text
Summary
We describe a rare case of severe autoimmune haemolytic anaemia (AIHA) in the setting of underlying chronic lymphocytic leukaemia receiving intravenous immunoglobulin, history of warm IgG autoantibody and treatment with nivolumab for advanced non-small cell lung cancer. In this report, we describe AIHA as a potential serious immune-related adverse event from immune checkpoint inhibitors, discuss other potential contributing factors and review previously described cases of AIHA in patients receiving programmed death 1 (PD-1) inhibitors. In the era of immunotherapy, we hope to add literature to raise awareness of potential immune-related sequelae such as AIHA. We aim to highlight the importance of close monitoring for prompt identification and management of potentially fatal AIHA and immune-related adverse events of PD-1 inhibitors by holding immunotherapy and treating with high-dose steroids, particularly in subgroups which may be at increased risk.
- lung cancer (oncology)
- haematology (drugs and medicines)
- haematology (incl blood transfusion)
- immunology
- unwanted effects / adverse reactions
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Footnotes
Contributors All authors contributed extensively to the article. SDA and WP identified the case, performed the literature review, drafted and edited the manuscript. RM and TJH reviewed the draft and provided critical revisions. RM was also significantly involved in the care of the patient.
Competing interests None declared.
Patient consent Detail has been removed from this case description to ensure anonymity. The editors and reviewers have seen the detailed information available and are satisfied that the information backs up the case the authors are making.
Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.