Summary

Renal artery pseudoaneurysm (RAP) is an uncommon but potentially life-threatening condition that is often difficult to diagnose. Rarely, it can occur as a complication associated with a percutaneous renal biopsy procedure. The clinical manifestations vary from asymptomatic lesions found incidentally on imaging studies to a mass causing high blood pressure, pain, haematuria and rupture. Although the risk of rupture is considered low, RAP is associated with a high death rate if ruptured. Currently, with the aid of high-quality interventional radiology, this challenging pathology can be effectively treated. In this report, we describe a case of RAP that was incidentally discovered 4 years after percutaneous renal biopsy which was successfully treated with selective angiographic embolisation.