Summary

The authors report a patient whose polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and increased calcitriol level were associated with neurocysticercosis (NCC), for which she refused standard therapy. Based upon a report on treatment with tamoxifen in murine cysticercosis,1 she was offered raloxifene. She began raloxifene 60 mg/day on 21 January 2010. On 17 March 2010 she was pregnant, and was terminated on 14 April 2010. MRI 26 April 2010 showed diminution in size, shrinkage and loss of viability in a number of the cysts. Total lesions fell from 37 to 33, 10 lesions shrunk, 5 resolved, 18 were unchanged, 4 enlarged and 1 new lesion developed. Concomitantly serum calcitriol fell from 81 to 41 pg/ml while 25-OH-vitamin D level fell from 34 to 30 ng/ml. Alteration of the hormonal milieu may reduce cestode burden in human NCC. The pregnancy on raloxifene, though unfortunate, supports the concept that NCC caused the PCOS. Serum calcitriol may be a useful biomarker for assessing disease activity in NCC.