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Published 1 September 2009
Cite this as: BMJ Case Reports 2009 [doi:10.1136/bcr.06.2009.2036]
Copyright © 2009 by the BMJ Publishing Group Ltd.

Unusual association of diseases/symptoms

A case of severe visceral leishmaniasis resulting from travel to Greece

Alexander Hamilton1, Anthony Kelleher2, Debbie Marriott3

1 St Vincent’s Hospital, Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, Sydney, New South Wales, 2010, Australia
2 St Vincent’s Centre for Applied Medical Research, Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, Sydney, New South Wales, 2010, Australia
3 St Vincent’s Hospital, Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, Sydney, New South Wales, 2010, Australia

Correspondence to:
Alexander Hamilton, raghamilton{at}hotmail.com

SUMMARY

Visceral leishmaniasis is rare in the developed world, particularly in immunocompetent hosts. It must be considered, however, in patients who are unwell, febrile and unresponsive to conventional antibiotics with a history of travel to areas where leishmaniasis is endemic. A case of more severe clinical manifestations than have been previously reported in Australia is presented here. The recent introduction of PCR technology for the detection of Leishmania in Australia has improved the diagnosis and management of leishmaniasis. Treatment with liposomal amphotericin B proved to be very effective in this severe case of visceral leishmaniasis.


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