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Published 19 August 2009
Cite this as: BMJ Case Reports 2009 [doi:10.1136/bcr.05.2009.1866]
Copyright © 2009 by the BMJ Publishing Group Ltd.

Findings that shed new light on the possible pathogenesis of a disease or an adverse effect

An unusual case of malignant thymoma associated graft-versus-host disease

Faye Sara Gishen, Adrian J Tookman

Marie Curie Cancer Care, Edenhall Hospice, Hampstead, 11 Lyndhurst Gardens, London NW3 5NS, UK

Correspondence to:
Faye Sara Gishen, faye.gishen{at}mariecurie.org.uk

SUMMARY

A woman in her early 50s presented with recurrent severe chest infections. Investigations revealed a low white cell count and a diagnosis of autoimmune neutropenia was made. Subsequently, an infiltrating thymic tumour (mitoses only) in the absence of myasthenia gravis was found. She underwent radical surgery. When neutropenic, she complained of painful, swollen joints and soft tissues. She was started on steroids and immunosuppressants and her pain settled. The following year, she had local malignant recurrence confirmed on imaging. She declined chemotherapy or targeted somatostatin and opted for alternative therapies. She developed a microcytic anaemia and commenced erythropoietin. This coincided with the development of a painful expanded rib lesion, hypercalcaemia, and ascites. She remained unwell with periodical flares in disease affecting many different organs and continued to mount a significant immunological response to her thymic tumour, manifesting as biopsy proven graft-versus-host disease involving joints, skin and lungs. This has been a complex clinical case involving multiple specialities, including haematology, oncology, immunology, endocrinology and palliative medicine.


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